In a significant taxpayer-favorable decision[1], the Fourth Circuit recently held that erroneous refunds of underpayment interest may constitute “unpaid tax” eligible for equitable innocent spouse relief under Section 6015(f) of the Internal Revenue Code (“Code”). Section 6015(f) provides an avenue for relief (at the IRS’s discretion) for unpaid tax or a deficiency when it would…
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A recent United States Tax Court memorandum[1] opinion provides an important reminder that life insurance policies with outstanding loans can create unexpected income tax consequences when the policy lapses or is surrendered.[2] In Sawyer v. Commissioner, the Tax Court held that a taxpayer realized taxable income when the cash surrender value of his life insurance…
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A recent federal district court decision[1] highlights the significant risk that beneficiaries and fiduciaries may face when estate assets are distributed before federal estate tax liabilities have been fully satisfied.[2] In United States v. Karst, the court granted summary judgment in favor of the government and held that the decedent’s sons, who were named as…
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Undue influence disputes[1] often involve no allegations of overt fraud, coercion, or incapacity, instead turning on the fairness of transactions that occur within confidential relationships. A recent Mississippi Court of Appeals’ decision[2] provides a clear illustration of how courts analyze these disputes and why the burden imposed on a beneficiary who occupies a position of…
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Two different cash advances from a mother to a son highlight when a purported loan will be respected as such for tax purposes. One case is Estate of Bolles,[1] which is an opinion I wrote about previously.[2] The other case is Estate of Galli.[3] The outcomes of the two cases are opposites – one finding…
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In a recent Tax Court opinion[1], the taxpayer Michael Shaut (“Mr. Shaut”), representing himself, contested the IRS’s determination of a tax deficiency. The court had to decide on several key issues, including whether Mr. Shaut was entitled to deductions for theft loss, legal fees, and net operating losses, as well as whether he was liable…
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Holding property in a limited liability company, or LLC, can provide a certain level of asset protection to individuals as opposed to holding such property in their individual capacity. However, that is not to say that a good asset protection plan is as simple as transferring property to a formed LLC and calling it a…
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As previously written upon by my colleague[1], probate is the process of proving a decedent’s Will to be his or her true Last Will and Testament. But, what happens when a decedent executed a Will when he or she lacked mental capacity? Or while under pressure from a certain beneficiary? Or the Will was not…
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Every year, the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) releases its “Dirty Dozen.” The Dirty Dozen, as written previously about by my colleague, Devin Mills,[1] is a list of twelve prevalent scams the IRS bodes taxpayers to be weary of during tax season, as they “put taxpayers, businesses, and the tax professional community at risk of losing…
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Shortly before his passing, Benjamin Franklin uttered one of his more infamous quotes, “In this world, nothing is certain except death and taxes.” With the certainty of death implicitly comes another: everyone will transfer his or her wealth, whether in life or after death. How a person transfers wealth will affect how the other certainty,…
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